One in six dental patients experience orofacial pain, often presenting as a toothache, though not all are caused by an odontogenic source. These non-odontogenic pains can be difficult to diagnose, leading to unnecessary treatments and referrals. This course reviews non-odontogenic sources of tooth pain, teaching clinicians how to differentiate odontogenic from non-odontogenic cases. Participants will learn proper exam methods, diagnostic testing and evidence-based management strategies to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes in complex pain presentations.